Animals and Plants

A Rich and Protected Ecosystem

The Savannah River Site (SRS) spans more than 198,000 acres (roughly 310 square miles) of protected forests, wetlands, and river systems, making it one of the Southeast’s most biologically diverse landscapes. This unique environment supports thousands of plant and animal species, many of which thrive here due to decades of dedicated conservation and habitat management.

Forests and Longleaf Pine Habitat

SRS is home to extensive longleaf pine ecosystems—once common across the South and now a major focus of restoration. These sunlit, open forests support:

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• Wiregrass and native wildflowers
• Rare orchids
• The red‑cockaded woodpecker (a federally endangered species)
• Gopher tortoises and the many species that use their burrows

Mixed pine and hardwood forests also shelter white‑tailed deer, bobcats, foxes, squirrels, and dozens of songbird and migratory bird species.

Wetlands, Carolina Bays, and Swamps

Some of the most unusual wildlife communities at SRS are found in its wetlands. Carolina bays—shallow, elliptical depressions—provide ideal habitat for:

• Salamanders and frogs
• Pitcher plants and sundews
• Wading birds such as herons, egrets, and wood storks
• Beavers, river otters, and the American alligator

These wetlands are critical breeding and feeding areas for amphibians and reptiles.

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Savannah River and Aquatic Habitats

The river corridor supports bald eagles, ospreys, migratory waterfowl, turtles, and diverse fish populations. Seasonal migrations bring new species throughout the year, creating excellent opportunities for wildlife observation.

Why This Biodiversity Matters

Native plants and animals form interconnected systems that keep SRS healthy and resilient. By learning about and experiencing this diversity, visitors gain a deeper understanding of why conservation and habitat protection are essential for future generations.